This is a lecture about a rethink of conservation and sustainability research. Our society tends to nurture smart people to help them reach their academic heights. However, good science does not always work this way. Intelligence without “common sense”, “conscience” and “desire” is no more than an unguided missile. Researches in conservation and sustainability still leave a lot to be desired. These researches are often unrealistic and become political declarations. How should we develop our sustainable development?